ABSTRACT
Introduction: As the global severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic expands, genomic epidemiology and whole genome sequencing are being constantly used to investigate its transmissions and evolution. Aims and Objectives: To ensure that best use is made of the whole genome sequencing programmes for SARS-CoV-2 results, in improving public health. Analyze and establish a correlation of demographic features and vaccination status with clinical outcome of VOC's. Material and Method: 478 samples (December 15, 2020- June 15, 2021) were shortlisted as per state government policy of sample selection criteria for genome sequencing, packed in triple layer according to standard transportation protocol and sent to the National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL) for whole genome sequencing.. The data collected by us were analyzed and correlated with the results of whole genome sequencing, shared by the NPHL to enhance public health impact of the variant identified. Observation and Results: In our study we found 92% of B.1.617.2 (Delta) variants and 8% of B.1.1.7 (Alpha) variant. We found significantly high mortality (25%) in age group > 60 years compared to other age group (20-40years, 40-60years) with Delta variant (p value < .05). We also found that Delta variant is significantly more transmissible (p value < .05) than Alpha variant. Mortality was significantly higher among unvaccinated patients having co-morbid conditions rather than vaccinated patients having co-morbid conditions with delta variant (p value <0.05). Conclusion: B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant has emerged as a common VOC among SARS-COV-2 patients in southern Rajasthan. Vaccination has a very high level of protective role in decreasing mortality, especially old age patients with associated co-morbidities among Delta variant.
ABSTRACT
Background: COVID-19 also known as SARS C0V-2, is now a pandemic which started in December 2019 in China. RT-PCR based nucleic acid detection is currently the standard diagnostic method for COVID-19, but certain shortcomings make it unfeasible for use as a screening test. Aims and objectives: To study the dynamics of IgM and IgG antibody, establish its role in diagnosis and prognosis of COVID-19 patients. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted over 100 RT PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted in various wards of a dedicated Corona hospital, RNTMedical College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India over a period of 2months – fromApril 2020 toMay 2020. Results: We performed an anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM test on 100 confirmed COVID-19 patients and found that 61%patients hadantibody positivity. Dynamics of antibody show that seroconversion, peaking, anddisappearance of IgMantibody occur at end of 1st week, 2nd week, and 3rdweek respectively, while for IgG seroconversion was seen at the end of 2nd week, and was persistently positive up to 32nd day of illness in our study. Patients with development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies had a mild degree of illness with positive outcome and vice versa. Conclusion: Our study concludes that serological responses have been observed in COVID-19 patients, and the dynamic pattern of these responses is consistent with acute viral infection which is useful to see the immune status of these patients and diagnosis of COVID-19.